Проблемы с установкой OpenCV в Studio 12.04 - нарушенные зависимости [дубликат]

Проблема:

Я пытаюсь установить OpenCV (видеоаналитика) и следую документации по установке Ubuntu OpenCV .

В предоставленном сценарии есть строка, которая выполнялась в течение некоторого времени, забирая больше пакетов, чем я ожидал (например, видео ubuntu-studio):

sudo apt-get -qq remove ffmpeg x264 libx264-dev

Когда сценарий доходит до строки ниже, он запускает бомбу:

sudo apt-get -qq install libopencv-dev build-essential checkinstall cmake pkg-config yasm libtiff4-dev libjpeg-dev libjasper-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libdc1394-22-dev libxine-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev libv4l-dev python-dev python-numpy libtbb-dev libqt4-dev libgtk2.0-dev libfaac-dev libmp3lame-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev x264 v4l-utils ffmpeg

сообщение об ошибке:

E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

---

Попытки решения:

Я сначала запустил Update-Manager, запустил sudo apt-get update , перезагрузился, попытался запустить указанную выше строку сценария вручную, но все равно никаких изменений.

После этого последовали ответы на:

• Как разрешить неудовлетворенные зависимости после добавления PPA?

Я запустил sudo apt-get install -f , и ничего не изменилось. Там упоминалось, что некоторые пакеты больше не нужны и могут быть удалены с помощью apt-get autoremove , поэтому я запустил это. Он удалил несколько пакетов, поэтому я повторно выполнил приведенную выше команду install . По-прежнему та же проблема с поврежденными пакетами.

Затем я запустил sudo apt-get -u dist-upgrade , часть полученного ответа была:

The following packages have been kept back: gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg

Я не уверен, что это значит. Я знаю, что он отображается в моем диспетчере обновлений и не может быть проверен.

Затем я запустил

sudo dpkg --configure -a

, а затем перезапустил

sudo apt-get -f install

, и пакет все еще не был обновлен, хотя был очень интересный комментарий;

Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg : Depends: libavcodec53 (< 5:0) but it is not going to be installed or
                                 libavcodec-extra-53 (< 5:0) but 5:0.7.2-1ubuntu1+codecs1~oneiric2 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

Затем я запустил

sudo apt-get -u dist-upgrade

Он показал, что у меня есть один удерживаемый пакет, поэтому я run

sudo apt-get -o Debug::pkgProblemResolver=yes dist-upgrade

Он также завершился без обновления пакета, поэтому я запустил

sudo apt-get remove --dry-run gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg:i386

И он дал мне:

*The following packages will be REMOVED:
  arista gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Remv arista [0.9.7-3ubuntu1]
Remv gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg [0.10.12-1ubuntu1]*

Но когда я перезапустил

sudo apt-get -u dist-upgrade

, он показал, что пакет все еще там.

*The following packages have been kept back:
  gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.*

После этого вошел в Synaptic PM и полностью удалил gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg .

Реран

sudo apt-get -u dist-upgrade

И мне сказали

0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

Однако, когда я запустил исходную команду apt-get для установки opencv (первый код в начале этого вопроса), она все равно дала мне то же самое. неработающие ошибки пакета.

Итак, я попробовал:

$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
# 

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Studio 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release i386 (20111011.1)]/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universe

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Studio 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release i386 (20111011.1)]/ oneiric main multiverse restricted universe

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free license. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu oneiric partner

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Ubuntu's
## 'extras' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu but is offered by third-party
## developers who want to ship their latest software.
# deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric main
# deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric main
# deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/popinet/xUbuntu_11.04 ./ # disabled on upgrade to precise

После этого я запустил:

$ sudo apt-get check
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done

Однако проблема еще не решена, так как я все еще получаю то же сообщение о неработающем пакете, когда пытаюсь запустить установку OpenCV с помощью этой команды:

sudo apt-get -qq install libopencv-dev build-essential checkinstall cmake pkg-config yasm libtiff4-dev libjpeg-dev libjasper-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libdc1394-22-dev libxine-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev libv4l-dev python-dev python-numpy libtbb-dev libqt4-dev libgtk2.0-dev libfaac-dev libmp3lame-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev x264 v4l-utils ffmpeg

Затем я запустил:

$ sudo apt-get autoclean
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Del linux-generic 3.2.0.55.65 [1,714 B]
Del linux-libc-dev 3.2.0-54.82 [858 kB]
Del initramfs-tools-bin 0.99ubuntu13.2 [9,758 B]
Del firefox-globalmenu 24.0+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [8,958 B]
Del apport 2.0.1-0ubuntu17.5 [147 kB]
Del firefox-locale-en 24.0+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [578 kB]
Del thunderbird-locale-en-gb 1:24.0+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [14.0 kB]
Del linux-libc-dev 3.2.0-55.85 [860 kB]
Del thunderbird-globalmenu 1:24.0+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [8,782 B]
Del apport-gtk 2.0.1-0ubuntu17.5 [9,200 B]
Del thunderbird 1:24.0+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [29.3 MB]
Del firefox 24.0+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [28.1 MB]
Del thunderbird-locale-en-us 1:24.0+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [14.0 kB]
Del linux-image-generic 3.2.0.54.64 [2,262 B]
Del linux-headers-generic 3.2.0.55.65 [2,244 B]
Del linux-image-generic 3.2.0.55.65 [2,260 B]
Del python-apport 2.0.1-0ubuntu17.5 [81.1 kB]
Del initramfs-tools 0.99ubuntu13.2 [49.2 kB]
Del linux-headers-generic 3.2.0.54.64 [2,258 B]
Del linux-headers-lowlatency-pae 3.2.0.55.44 [2,256 B]
Del linux-headers-lowlatency-pae 3.2.0.54.43 [2,250 B]
Del thunderbird-locale-en 1:24.0+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [342 kB]
Del python-problem-report 2.0.1-0ubuntu17.5 [9,466 B]
Del procps 1:3.2.8-11ubuntu6.2 [225 kB]
Del linux-generic 3.2.0.54.64 [1,722 B]

Но когда я запускаю команду установки OpenCV, я все еще получаю:

E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

Итак, я начал почти полностью заново, на этот раз добавляя обратно в репозитории, которые были отключены обновлением до Precise.

Затем я повторно выполняю следующие команды:

$ sudo apt-get autoclean
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done

$ sudo apt-get clean

$ sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  python-gudev
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

$ sudo apt-get autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  python-gudev
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
After this operation, 106 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
(Reading database ... 614874 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing python-gudev ...
Processing triggers for python-support ...

$ sudo dpkg --configure -a

$ sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

$ sudo apt-get -u dist-upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*

### THIS FILE IS AUTOMATICALLY CONFIGURED ###
# You may comment out this entry, but any other modifications may be lost.
deb http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb/ stable main
### THIS FILE IS AUTOMATICALLY CONFIGURED ###
# You may comment out this entry, but any other modifications may be lost.
deb http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb/ stable main
### THIS FILE IS AUTOMATICALLY CONFIGURED ###
# You may comment out this entry, but any other modifications may be lost.
deb http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb/ stable main
# deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kxstudio-team/ppa/ubuntu precise main # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/kxstudio-team/ppa/ubuntu precise main # disabled on upgrade to precise
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kxstudio-team/ppa/ubuntu oneiric main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/kxstudio-team/ppa/ubuntu oneiric main
# deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kxstudio-team/ppa/ubuntu precise main # disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/kxstudio-team/ppa/ubuntu precise main # disabled on upgrade to precise
## Please report any bug on https://bugs.launchpad.net/medibuntu/
# deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ precise free non-free #Medibuntu - Ubuntu 11.10 "oneiric ocelot" disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb-src http://packages.medibuntu.org/ oneiric free non-free #Medibuntu (source) - Ubuntu 11.10 "oneiric ocelot"
## Please report any bug on https://bugs.launchpad.net/medibuntu/
deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ oneiric free non-free #Medibuntu - Ubuntu 11.10 "oneiric ocelot"
#deb-src http://packages.medibuntu.org/ oneiric free non-free #Medibuntu (source) - Ubuntu 11.10 "oneiric ocelot"
## Please report any bug on https://bugs.launchpad.net/medibuntu/
# deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ precise free non-free #Medibuntu - Ubuntu 11.10 "oneiric ocelot" disabled on upgrade to precise
# deb-src http://packages.medibuntu.org/ oneiric free non-free #Medibuntu (source) - Ubuntu 11.10 "oneiric ocelot"
# deb http://www.openfoam.org/download/ubuntu precise main # disabled on upgrade to precise
deb http://www.openfoam.org/download/ubuntu oneiric main
# deb http://www.openfoam.org/download/ubuntu precise main # disabled on upgrade to precise
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu precise main
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu precise main

---

Результат:

Но я все еще получаю эту ошибку, когда пытаюсь запустить команду установки OpenCV:

E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

Что еще мне нужно сделать?

Будет ли ошибка обновление до Ubuntu Studio 13.xx решить эту проблему (или усугубить ее)?