На этот вопрос уже есть ответ:
Итак, я купил новый ноутбук с предустановленной Ubuntu 14.04, но позже я установил Windows 10 после удаления Ubuntu, я сделал резервную копию образа Ubuntu от производителя ноутбука, который был на ноутбуке.
Позже я решил использовать конфигурацию с двойной загрузкой, поэтому я установил Ubuntu, используя тот же образ поставщика, что и сделал резервную копию. Ubuntu успешно установлен, но теперь я не могу загрузиться в Windows, так как он не отображается как запись в grub.
Я попытался восстановить загрузку, но, похоже, это не помогло. Хотя я получил URL http://paste.ubuntu.com/14429794/ , он продолжает повторять сообщение «размонтировать разделы» даже в системе live-usb. Затем я попробовал bootscriptinfo, который дал результат, приведенный ниже.
Кроме того, я уверен, что весь раздел Windows цел, так как я могу видеть все файлы в Ubuntu, просто я не могу с него загрузиться.
РЕДАКТИРОВАТЬ: Я также пробовал использовать метод setroot в командной строке grub, но он выдал ошибку о том, что путь EFI недействителен.
Любая помощь будет принята с благодарностью, поскольку я уже провел много времени, просматривая форумы и выполняя поиск в Google.
Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda. => Syslinux MBR (4.04 and higher) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb. sda1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /efi/Boot/bootx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/MokManager.efi /efi/ubuntu/shimx64.efi sda2: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sda3: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /efi/boot/bootx64.efi /efi/boot/grubx64.efi sda4: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Mounting failed: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sda4, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so sda5: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /bootmgr /Windows/System32/winload.exe sda6: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sda7: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf sda8: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sda9: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sda10: _________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sda11: _________________________________________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdb1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: SYSLINUX 4.05 20140113 Boot sector info: Syslinux looks at sector 10154144 of /dev/sdb1 for its second stage. SYSLINUX is installed in the directory. No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /syslinux.cfg /efi/BOOT/bootx64.efi /efi/BOOT/grubx64.efi /bootmgr /boot/bcd /ldlinux.sys ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 1 1,953,525,167 1,953,525,167 ee GPT GUID Partition Table detected. Partition Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors System /dev/sda1 2,048 1,026,047 1,024,000 EFI System partition /dev/sda2 1,026,048 1,107,967 81,920 - /dev/sda3 1,107,968 7,399,423 6,291,456 Data partition (Windows/Linux) /dev/sda4 7,399,424 7,432,191 32,768 Microsoft Reserved Partition (Windows) /dev/sda5 7,432,192 132,347,903 124,915,712 EFI System partition /dev/sda6 132,347,904 133,269,503 921,600 Windows Recovery Environment (Windows) /dev/sda7 133,269,504 238,127,103 104,857,600 Data partition (Windows/Linux) /dev/sda8 238,127,104 868,321,279 630,194,176 Data partition (Windows/Linux) /dev/sda9 868,321,280 1,393,657,855 525,336,576 Data partition (Windows/Linux) /dev/sda10 1,393,657,856 1,918,994,431 525,336,576 Data partition (Windows/Linux) /dev/sda11 1,918,994,432 1,953,523,711 34,529,280 Swap partition (Linux) Drive: sdb _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sdb: 16.2 GB, 16219373568 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1971 cylinders, total 31678464 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sdb1 * 63 31,678,463 31,678,401 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) "blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/sda1 008D-EE2D vfat ESP /dev/sda10 5430D21630D1FF44 ntfs New Volume /dev/sda11 8b83b838-ad2b-4260-94b4-9480fd5b947d swap /dev/sda2 0800-FF07 vfat DIAGS /dev/sda3 A801-BD4C vfat OS /dev/sda4 7722aa47-a14c-4c99-a04e-8d5485dcbacc ext4 /dev/sda5 C6026F98026F8C6D ntfs /dev/sda6 BED4F2F6D4F2AFAF ntfs /dev/sda7 532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f ext4 /dev/sda8 16EC940EEC93E5F1 ntfs New Volume /dev/sda9 9696C50A96C4EBB5 ntfs New Volume /dev/sdb1 BE1A-5D9E vfat ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/sda10 /media/sachinkadyan7/New Volume1 fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,blksize=4096) /dev/sda1 /boot/efi vfat (rw) /dev/sda5 /media/sachinkadyan7/C6026F98026F8C6D fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,blksize=4096) /dev/sda6 /media/sachinkadyan7/BED4F2F6D4F2AFAF fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,blksize=4096) /dev/sda7 / ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) /dev/sda9 /media/sachinkadyan7/New Volume fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,blksize=4096) /dev/sdb1 /media/sachinkadyan7/BE1A-5D9E vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,uid=1001,gid=1001,shortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,showexec,flush,uhelper=udisks2) =========================== sda3/boot/grub/grub.cfg: =========================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ######################################################### # # # Dell Grub2 configuration file for ISO Images # # By: Mario Limonciello # # # ######################################################### # First check for additional options on ISO image if [ -s /factory/common.cfg ]; then source /factory/common.cfg fi #Post RTS deliverables if [ -s /factory/post-rts-gfx.cfg ]; then source /factory/post-rts-gfx.cfg fi if [ -s /factory/post-rts-wlan.cfg ]; then source /factory/post-rts-wlan.cfg fi # If missing, load a nice basic default set if [ -z "${options}" ]; then set options="boot=casper automatic-ubiquity noprompt quiet splash --" fi # Setup theme set timeout=5 set gfxmode=auto insmod gfxterm terminal_output gfxterm loadfont /boot/grub/dejavu-sans-12.pf2 loadfont /boot/grub/dejavu-sans-bold-14.pf2 insmod gfxmenu insmod png set theme=/boot/grub/dell/theme.txt # Search for the RP (which contains grubenv in /factory) search --file --set=new_root /factory/grubenv if [ -s ($new_root)/factory/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env -f ($new_root)/factory/grubenv if [ -n "${install_finished}" ]; then set timeout=-1 menuentry "Install Complete, remove media and reboot." { chainloader +1 } fi if [ "x${install_in_progress}" = "x1" ]; then set root=$new_root configfile ($new_root)/factory/grub.cfg fi fi #Default behavior menuentry "Dell Recovery" { set gfxpayload=keep linux /casper/vmlinuz.efi $options initrd /casper/initrd.lz } menuentry "Dell Recovery (safe graphics mode)" { set gfxpayload=keep linux /casper/vmlinuz.efi $options ubiquity/force_failsafe_graphics=true initrd /casper/initrd.lz } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =================== sda3: Location of files loaded by Grub: ==================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) =========================== sda7/boot/grub/grub.cfg: =========================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then set default="${next_entry}" set next_entry= save_env next_entry set boot_once=true else set default="0" fi if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then menuentry_id_option="--id" else menuentry_id_option="" fi export menuentry_id_option if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then insmod all_video else insmod efi_gop insmod efi_uga insmod ieee1275_fb insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus fi } if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then font=unicode else insmod part_gpt insmod ext2 set root='hd0,gpt7' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt7 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt7 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt7 532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f fi font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2" fi if loadfont $font ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm set locale_dir=$prefix/locale set lang=en_IN insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ] ; then set timeout=-1 else if [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then set timeout_style=hidden set timeout=0 # Fallback hidden-timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is # unavailable. elif sleep --interruptible 0 ; then set timeout=0 fi fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray if background_color 44,0,30; then clear fi ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### function gfxmode { set gfxpayload="${1}" if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7 else set vt_handoff= fi } if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then set linux_gfx_mode=keep else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=keep fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi export linux_gfx_mode menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f' { recordfail load_video gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod ext2 set root='hd0,gpt7' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt7 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt7 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt7 532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f fi linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-38-generic.efi.signed root=UUID=532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f ro quiet splash radeon.modeset=0 nouveau.modeset=0 $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-38-generic } submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f' { menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-38-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.13.0-38-generic-advanced-532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f' { recordfail load_video gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod ext2 set root='hd0,gpt7' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt7 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt7 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt7 532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f fi echo 'Loading Linux 3.13.0-38-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-38-generic.efi.signed root=UUID=532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f ro quiet splash radeon.modeset=0 nouveau.modeset=0 $vt_handoff echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-38-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-38-generic (safe mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.13.0-38-generic-recovery-532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f' { recordfail load_video insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod ext2 set root='hd0,gpt7' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt7 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt7 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt7 532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f fi echo 'Loading Linux 3.13.0-38-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-38-generic.efi.signed root=UUID=532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-38-generic } } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ### menuentry 'System setup' $menuentry_id_option 'uefi-firmware' { fwsetup } ### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =============================== sda7/etc/fstab: ================================ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # # / was on /dev/sda7 during installation UUID=532c4cae-d2a5-49c8-8663-0af5e26cad1f / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # /boot/efi was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=008D-EE2D /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda11 during installation UUID=8b83b838-ad2b-4260-94b4-9480fd5b947d none swap sw 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ====================== sda7/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf: ======================= -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ## /boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf ## ## IMPORTANT WARNING ## ## The configuration of this file is generated automatically. ## Do not edit this file manually, use: extlinux-update default l0 prompt 1 timeout 50 include themes/debian/theme.cfg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =================== sda7: Location of files loaded by Grub: ==================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) ================= sda7: Location of files loaded by Syslinux: ================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) ============== sda7: Version of COM32(R) files used by Syslinux: =============== boot/extlinux/chain.c32 : COM32R module (v4.xx) =========================== sdb1/boot/grub/grub.cfg: =========================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- if loadfont /boot/grub/font.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=auto insmod efi_gop insmod efi_uga insmod gfxterm terminal_output gfxterm fi set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray menuentry "Try Ubuntu without installing" { set gfxpayload=keep linux /casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper quiet splash -- initrd /casper/initrd.lz } menuentry "Install Ubuntu" { set gfxpayload=keep linux /casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper only-ubiquity quiet splash -- initrd /casper/initrd.lz } menuentry "OEM install (for manufacturers)" { set gfxpayload=keep linux /casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper only-ubiquity quiet splash oem-config/enable=true -- initrd /casper/initrd.lz } menuentry "Check disc for defects" { set gfxpayload=keep linux /casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper integrity-check quiet splash -- initrd /casper/initrd.lz }
я испытал некоторую подобную проблему с исходной установкой Windows 10 и более поздней установкой Ubuntu 14.04. Я имел поврежденную Ubuntu (из-за некоторой неизвестной проблемы драйвера Nvidia) и потерял загрузчик Windows.
сделанное Предположение:
, Если бы это было верно, я предположил бы, что Вы могли бы "Создать Windows Recovery Disk" из другой машины Windows 10, которая предоставит Вам минимальный инструмент командной строки, который Вы могли использовать. Затем следуйте за этим ответ для фиксации mbr (принимающий жизни Windows OS в диске C):
bootsect /nt60 C: /mbr
Затем перезагружают Ваш компьютер. Это восстановит загрузчик Windows.
[еще 115] информацияя позже узнал об отношениях MBR, режима BIOS, GPT, режима UEFI. В основном MBR соединился бы с режимом BIOS, и GPT соединится с режимом UEFI. ( Источник )
путаница загрузчика была вызвана несоответствием режима начальной загрузки Windows OS и режима начальной загрузки Ubuntu. ( Источник )