Я только что переустановил Ubuntu 18.04. Когда я попытался sudo get-apt установить некоторый пакет, понял, что пакет не установлен. Я обнаружил, что это происходит из-за того, что в моем ядре были наполовину установленные, наполовину сконфигурированные или распакованные пакеты. Я мог найти 5 из них:
1) grub-pc (полуконфигурированный)
2) grub-efi-amd64-подписанный (без упаковки)
3) linux -image-4.18.0-17-generic (полуконфигурированный)
4) linux-image-4.15.0-48-generic (полуконфигурированный)
5) linux-image -4.15.0-47-generic (наполовину установленный)
Подробная информация в следующем виде:
...
Package: linux-image-4.15.0-47-generic
Status: install ok half-installed
Priority: optional
Section: kernel
Installed-Size: 8124
Maintainer: Canonical Kernel Team <kernel-team@lists.ubuntu.com>
Architecture: amd64
Source: linux-signed
Version: 4.15.0-47.50
Config-Version: 4.15.0-47.50
Provides: aufs-dkms, fuse-module, ivtv-modules, kvm-api-4, linux-image, redhat-cluster-modules, spl-dkms, spl-modules, virtualbox-guest-modules, zfs-dkms, zfs- modules
Depends: kmod, linux-base (>= 4.5ubuntu1~16.04.1), linux-modules-4.15.0-47-generic
Recommends: grub-pc | grub-efi-amd64 | grub-efi-ia32 | grub | lilo, initramfs-tools | linux-initramfs-tool
Suggests: fdutils, linux-doc-4.15.0 | linux-source-4.15.0, linux-tools, linux- headers-4.15.0-47-generic
Conflicts: linux-image-unsigned-4.15.0-47-generic
Description: Signed kernel image generic
A kernel image for generic. This version of it is signed with
Canonical's UEFI/Opal signing key.
...
Package: grub-pc
Status: install ok half-configured
Priority: optional
Section: admin
Installed-Size: 563
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
Architecture: amd64
Multi-Arch: foreign
Source: grub2
Version: 2.02-2ubuntu8.13
Config-Version: 2.02-2ubuntu8.12
Replaces: grub, grub-common (<= 1.97~beta2-1), grub-coreboot, grub-efi-amd64, grub-efi-ia32, grub-ieee1275, grub-legacy, grub2 (<< 2.02-2ubuntu8.13)
Depends: debconf (>= 0.5) | debconf-2.0, grub-common (= 2.02-2ubuntu8.13), grub2-common (= 2.02-2ubuntu8.13), grub-pc-bin (= 2.02-2ubuntu8.13), ucf, grub-gfxpayload-lists
Conflicts: grub (<< 0.97-54), grub-coreboot, grub-efi-amd64, grub-efi-ia32, grub-ieee1275, grub-legacy, grub-xen
Conffiles:
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 536d9d45e3e547638db3c5d58a925b6c
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 536d9d45e3e547638db3c5d58a925b6c
Description: GRand Unified Bootloader, version 2 (PC/BIOS version)
GRUB is a portable, powerful bootloader. This version of GRUB is based on a
cleaner design than its predecessors, and provides the following new features:
.
- Scripting in grub.cfg using BASH-like syntax.
- Support for modern partition maps such as GPT.
- Modular generation of grub.cfg via update-grub. Packages providing GRUB
add-ons can plug in their own script rules and trigger updates by invoking
update-grub.
- VESA-based graphical mode with background image support and complete 24-bit
color set.
- Support for extended charsets. Users can write UTF-8 text to their menu
entries.
.
This package contains a version of GRUB that has been built for use with
traditional PC/BIOS architecture.
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/
Original-Maintainer: GRUB Maintainers <pkg-grub-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org>
Built-Using: linux (= 4.15.0-47.50)
...
Package: linux-image-4.18.0-17-generic
Status: install ok half-configured
Priority: optional
Section: kernel
Installed-Size: 8368
Maintainer: Canonical Kernel Team <kernel-team@lists.ubuntu.com>
Architecture: amd64
Source: linux-signed-hwe
Version: 4.18.0-17.18~18.04.1
Config-Version: 4.18.0-17.18~18.04.1
Provides: aufs-dkms, fuse-module, ivtv-modules, kvm-api-4, linux-image, redhat cluster-modules, spl-dkms, spl-modules, virtualbox-guest-modules, zfs-dkms, zfs modules
Depends: kmod, linux-base (>= 4.5ubuntu1~16.04.1), linux-modules-4.18.0-17-generic
Recommends: grub-pc | grub-efi-amd64 | grub-efi-ia32 | grub | lilo, initramfs-tools | linux-initramfs-tool
Suggests: fdutils, linux-hwe-doc-4.18.0 | linux-hwe-source-4.18.0, linux-hwe-tools, linux-headers-4.18.0-17-generic
Conflicts: linux-image-unsigned-4.18.0-17-generic
Description: Signed kernel image generic
A kernel image for generic. This version of it is signed with
Canonical's UEFI/Opal signing key.
Built-Using: linux (= 4.18.0-17.18~18.04.1)
...
Package: linux-image-4.15.0-48-generic
Status: install ok half-configured
Priority: optional
Section: kernel
Installed-Size: 8132
Maintainer: Canonical Kernel Team <kernel-team@lists.ubuntu.com>
Architecture: amd64
Source: linux-signed
Version: 4.15.0-48.51
Provides: aufs-dkms, fuse-module, ivtv-modules, kvm-api-4, linux-image, redhat cluster-modules, spl-dkms, spl-modules, virtualbox-guest-modules, zfs-dkms, zfs modules
Depends: kmod, linux-base (>= 4.5ubuntu1~16.04.1), linux-modules-4.15.0-48 generic
Recommends: grub-pc | grub-efi-amd64 | grub-efi-ia32 | grub | lilo, initramfs-tools | linux-initramfs-tool
Suggests: fdutils, linux-doc-4.15.0 | linux-source-4.15.0, linux-tools, linux headers-4.15.0-48-generic
Conflicts: linux-image-unsigned-4.15.0-48-generic
Description: Signed kernel image generic
A kernel image for generic. This version of it is signed with
Canonical's UEFI/Opal signing key.
Built-Using: linux (= 4.15.0-48.51)
...
Package: grub-efi-amd64-signed
Status: install ok unpacked
Priority: optional
Section: utils
Installed-Size: 3368
Maintainer: Colin Watson <cjwatson@ubuntu.com>
Architecture: amd64
Source: grub2-signed (1.93.14)
Version: 1.93.14+2.02-2ubuntu8.13
Config-Version: 1.93.13+2.02-2ubuntu8.12
Depends: grub-efi-amd64-bin (= 2.02-2ubuntu8.13), grub-efi-amd64 | grub-pc
Recommends: secureboot-db
Description: GRand Unified Bootloader, version 2 (EFI-AMD64 version, signed)
GRUB is a portable, powerful bootloader. This version of GRUB is based on a
cleaner design than its predecessors, and provides the following new features:
.
- Scripting in grub.cfg using BASH-like syntax.
- Support for modern partition maps such as GPT.
- Modular generation of grub.cfg via update-grub. Packages providing GRUB
add-ons can plug in their own script rules and trigger updates by invoking
update-grub.
.
This package contains a version of GRUB built for use with the EFI-AMD64
architecture, signed with Canonical's UEFI signing key.
Built-Using: grub2 (= 2.02-2ubuntu8.13)