Мне нужно запустить двоичный файл x86 с QEMU на Raspberry Pi (порт armhf
, ARMv7), чтобы принтер работал с дрянными двоичными драйверами UFRII от Canon. Как просто установить его зависимости x86 на armhf
(не как их запускать)?
Я могу установить двоичный файл x86 с:
root@raspberry-pi:~# dpkg --force-architecture -i /tmp/cnrdrvcups-ufr2-uk_5.10-1_i386.deb
, но затем apt
продолжает жаловаться, что его зависимости отсутствуют. Вероятно, они понадобятся мне для запуска конвертера UFRII, поэтому я действительно хотел бы установить зависимости i386 через apt
.
Я могу добавить архитектуру i386
, но apt-get update
не удается загрузить некоторые ресурсы, вероятно, потому, что armhf
находится на ports.ubuntu.com в то время как пакеты x86 находятся на главных зеркалах. (Однажды я успешно установил пакеты i386 на amd64 раньше.)
root@raspberry-pi:~# dpkg --add-architecture i386
root@raspberry-pi:~# apt-get update
Hit:1 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic InRelease
Get:2 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:3 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB]
Get:4 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB]
Ign:5 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/main i386 Packages
Ign:6 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:7 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/universe i386 Packages
Ign:8 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:5 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/main i386 Packages
Ign:6 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:7 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/universe i386 Packages
Ign:8 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:5 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/main i386 Packages
Ign:6 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:7 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/universe i386 Packages
Ign:8 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/multiverse i386 Packages
Err:5 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/main i386 Packages
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.150 80]
Ign:6 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:7 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/universe i386 Packages
Ign:8 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:9 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/main i386 Packages
Ign:10 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:11 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/universe i386 Packages
Ign:12 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:9 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/main i386 Packages
Ign:10 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:11 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/universe i386 Packages
Ign:12 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:9 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/main i386 Packages
Ign:10 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:11 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/universe i386 Packages
Ign:12 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/multiverse i386 Packages
Err:9 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/main i386 Packages
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.150 80]
Ign:10 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:11 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/universe i386 Packages
Ign:12 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:13 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports/main i386 Packages
Ign:14 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports/universe i386 Packages
Ign:13 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports/main i386 Packages
Ign:14 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports/universe i386 Packages
Ign:13 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports/main i386 Packages
Ign:14 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports/universe i386 Packages
Err:13 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports/main i386 Packages
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.150 80]
Ign:14 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports/universe i386 Packages
Ign:15 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/main i386 Packages
Ign:16 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:17 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/universe i386 Packages
Ign:18 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:15 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/main i386 Packages
Ign:16 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:17 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/universe i386 Packages
Ign:18 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:15 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/main i386 Packages
Ign:16 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:17 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/universe i386 Packages
Ign:18 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/multiverse i386 Packages
Err:15 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/main i386 Packages
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.150 80]
Ign:16 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:17 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/universe i386 Packages
Ign:18 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/multiverse i386 Packages
Fetched 252 kB in 2s (112 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
E: Failed to fetch http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/dists/bionic/main/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.150 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/dists/bionic-updates/main/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.150 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/dists/bionic-backports/main/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.150 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/dists/bionic-security/main/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.150 80]
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
Как это исправить? Вероятно, мне нужно что-то настроить/добавить в /etc/apt/sources.list
, но это не содержит строк i386
/amd64
. Поэтому я не знаю, с чего начать. Это мой текущий файл исходного кода:
## Note, this file is written by cloud-init on first boot of an instance
## modifications made here will not survive a re-bundle.
## if you wish to make changes you can:
## a.) add 'apt_preserve_sources_list: true' to /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg
## or do the same in user-data
## b.) add sources in /etc/apt/sources.list.d
## c.) make changes to template file /etc/cloud/templates/sources.list.tmpl
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic main restricted
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic main restricted
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates main restricted
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic universe
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic universe
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates universe
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic multiverse
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates multiverse
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security main restricted
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security main restricted
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security universe
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security universe
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security multiverse
Я нашел вопрос Как установить пакеты i386 на Ubuntu на Базе ARM Nexus 7? , но люди там просто отвечают, что запуск x86 на ARM невозможен. Это правда, но не правильный ответ на первоначальный вопрос.
Update: Это выходные данные dpkg-deb
для требуемого пакета драйверов, включая зависимости 1-го уровня:
root@raspberry-pi:~# dpkg-deb --info /tmp/cnrdrvcups-ufr2-uk_5.10-1_i386.deb
new Debian package, version 2.0.
size 21503884 bytes: control archive=20743 bytes.
2058 bytes, 16 lines control
62636 bytes, 896 lines md5sums
339 bytes, 17 lines * postinst #!/bin/sh
90 bytes, 9 lines * postrm #!/bin/sh
Package: cnrdrvcups-ufr2-uk
Version: 5.10-1
Section: net
Priority: optional
Architecture: i386
Depends: cupsys | cups, libcups2 | libcupsys2 (>= 1.2.7)
Conflicts: cnrcupsiradv715zk, cnrcupsiradv615zk, cnrcupsiradv525zk, cnrcupsiradv7153zk, cnrcupsiradv6153zk, cnrcupsiradv5253zk, cnrcupsiradv85053zk, cnrcupsiradv85853zk, cnrcupsiradv65753zk, cnrcupsiradv65553zk, cnrcupsiradvc35203zk, cnrcupsiradvc35253zk, cnrcupsiradvc75803zk, cnrcupsiradvc75653zk, cnrcupsiradvc2563zk, cnrcupsiradvc55353zk, cnrcupsiradvc55503zk, cnrcupsiradv45453zk, cnrcupsiradv45253zk, cnrcupsiradvc4753zk, cnrcupswg7000zk, cnrcupswg7000zzk, cnrcupslbp853czk, cnrcupslbp852czk, cnrcupsd1600zk
Replaces: cnrdrvcups-ufr2-us, cnrdrvcups-lipslx, cnrcupsiradv715zk, cnrcupsiradv615zk, cnrcupsiradv525zk, cnrcupsiradv7153zk, cnrcupsiradv6153zk, cnrcupsiradv5253zk, cnrcupsiradv85053zk, cnrcupsiradv85853zk, cnrcupsiradv65753zk, cnrcupsiradv65553zk, cnrcupsiradvc35203zk, cnrcupsiradvc35253zk, cnrcupsiradvc75803zk, cnrcupsiradvc75653zk, cnrcupsiradvc2563zk, cnrcupsiradvc55353zk, cnrcupsiradvc55503zk, cnrcupsiradv45453zk, cnrcupsiradv45253zk, cnrcupsiradvc4753zk, cnrcupswg7000zk, cnrcupswg7000zzk, cnrcupslbp853czk, cnrcupslbp852czk, cnrcupsd1600zk
Provides: cnrcupsiradv715zk, cnrcupsiradv615zk, cnrcupsiradv525zk, cnrcupsiradv7153zk, cnrcupsiradv6153zk, cnrcupsiradv5253zk, cnrcupsiradv85053zk, cnrcupsiradv85853zk, cnrcupsiradv65753zk, cnrcupsiradv65553zk, cnrcupsiradvc35203zk, cnrcupsiradvc35253zk, cnrcupsiradvc75803zk, cnrcupsiradvc75653zk, cnrcupsiradvc2563zk, cnrcupsiradvc55353zk, cnrcupsiradvc55503zk, cnrcupsiradv45453zk, cnrcupsiradv45253zk, cnrcupsiradvc4753zk, cnrcupswg7000zk, cnrcupswg7000zzk, cnrcupslbp853czk, cnrcupslbp852czk, cnrcupsd1600zk
Installed-Size: 76096
Maintainer: CANON INC. <sup-debian@mail.canon>
Source: cnrdrvcups-lb
Description: Canon UFR2 Printer Driver for Linux
Canon UFR2 Printer Driver for Linux.
This UFR2 printer driver provides printing functions for Canon LBP/iR
printers operating under the CUPS (Common UNIX Printing System) environment.
Позже методом проб и ошибок я выяснил, что записи по умолчанию в /etc/apt/sources.list
нужно сделать более конкретными:
dpkg --add-architecture 'i386'
# replace 'deb' with 'deb [arch=armhf]'
sed 's/^deb http/deb [arch=armhf] http/' -i '/etc/apt/sources.list'
Добавить файл например /etc/apt/sources.list.d/i386.list
с зеркальными серверами x86:
deb [arch=i386] http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=i386] http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=i386] http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=i386] http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
apt-get update
Я смог успешно установить и запустить драйвер UFRII с помощью:
apt-get install qemu-user
# undeclared dependencies of UFRII driver package
apt-get install libcupsimage2:i386 libjpeg62:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libxml2:i386 ghostscript:i386
apt-get install /path/to/ufrii_driver.deb